Fiber optic coupler yog ib qho khoom siv kho qhov muag tsis pom kev uas sib cais, sib txuas, lossis rov faib cov teeb liab teeb liab hla txoj hauv kev. Tsis zoo li ibfiber ntau optic connectorlos yog adapter uas yooj yim koom nrog ob fibers kawg - mus rau - kawg, lub coupler txhob txwm sib faib lub zog kho qhov muag ntawm ntau qhov chaw nres nkoj - uas txhais tau hais tias txhua qhov tso tawm tsuas yog ib feem ntawm qhov qub teeb liab.
Qhov kev sib txawv ntawd tseem ceeb rau txhua tus tsim, kev yuav khoom, lossis kev daws teeb meem fiber ntau. Kev xaiv coupler cuam tshuam rau cov nyiaj siv kho qhov muag, teeb liab ncav cuag, thiab cov khoom siv qis qis. Tau txais qhov sib faib piv lossis hom fiber ntau tsis raug, thiab koj yuav tsis pom qhov txuas tsis ua haujlwm tam sim ntawd - tab sis koj yuav pom cov npoo degraded uas ua rau muaj qhov tsis sib xws hauv kev thauj khoom.
Phau ntawv qhia no hais txog yuav ua li cas fiber optic couplers ua hauj lwm, lub ntsiab coupler hom thiab lawv qhov sib txawv, qhov twg lawv siv nyob rau hauv tiag tiag networks, thiab ib kauj ruam -los ntawm - kauj ruam mus rau xaiv qhov yog.
Dab tsi yog Fiber Optic Coupler?
Fiber optic coupler yog ib qho khoom siv kho qhov muag nrog ib lossis ntau qhov chaw nres nkoj thiab ib lossis ntau qhov chaw tso zis. Nws lub hom phiaj yog los tswj cov teeb liab optical faib - tsis yog lub cev txuas ntxiv. CovITU-T Kev Pom Zoo G.671, uas txhais cov yam ntxwv kis tau tus mob ntawm cov khoom siv kho qhov muag tsis pom kev, faib cov khoom siv hluav taws xob (suav nrog cov txuas txuas) ua cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv ob qho tib si ntev -haul thiab nkag mus rau hauv tes hauj lwm.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus tswv yim, ib tug coupler ua ib los yog ntau tshaj ntawm cov nram qab no functions: splitting optical hwj chim los ntawm ib tug input mus rau ob los yog ntau tshaj outputs, combining optical zog los ntawm ntau yam inputs rau hauv ib tug tso zis, los yog ua ob qho tib si ib txhij nyob rau hauv ib tug bidirectional configuration. Yog vim li cas cov nqe lusoptical splitter, optical combiner, thiab 2 × 2 coupler yog txhua yam zoo sib xws - lawv piav qhia txog kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb hauv tsev neeg txuas ntxiv.
Yuav ua li cas ib tug Coupler txawv ntawm ib tug Connector, Adapter, los yog Splice
Fiber optic adapter los yog fusion splice tsim ib qho qis -kev sib tshuam ntawm ob fibers. Lub hom phiaj yog kev txuas ntxiv: ua kom lub teeb liab txav nrog tsawg tsawg li sai tau. Ib qho kev sib txuas, los ntawm qhov sib txawv, txhob txwm rov faib lub zog. Thaum lub teeb liab tawm tswv yim tau muab faib thoob plaws ntau qhov tso zis, txhua qhov tso zis muaj zog tsawg dua li qub. Qhov kev txo hwj chim ntawd tsis yog qhov tsis xws luag - nws yog lub coupler txoj haujlwm tsim.
Qhov no yog vim li cas qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev sib txuas ib txwm suav nrog qhov tsis xws li kev sib cais sib cais, qhov poob qis, thiab poob ntau dhau. Cov lej no qhia koj tias lub zog mus txog txhua qhov chaw tso zis ntau npaum li cas thiab poob ntau npaum li cas hauv cov txheej txheem.
Lub Fiber Optic Coupler ua haujlwm li cas?
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog nyob ntawm kev tsim cov thev naus laus zis, tab sis tus neeg siv- ntsib qhov tshwm sim zoo ib yam: lub teeb nkag mus rau ib lossis ntau qhov chaw nres nkoj nkag tau muab faib hla ib lossis ntau qhov chaw tso zis raws li qhov piv txwv.
Evasescent Wave Coupling hauv Fused Couplers
Txoj kev tsim kho feem ntau yog fused biconical taper (FBT) txheej txheem. Ob los yog ntau dua fibers yog twisted ua ke, rhuab, thiab ncab kom txog thaum lawv cov cores nyob ze txaus rau evanescent optical teb los ntawm ib tug tub ntxhais mus rau "kua" rau hauv cov tub ntxhais uas nyob ib sab. Raws liNewport Corporation's technical note on fused couplers, lub zog hloov ntawm cov cores yog ncua sij hawm - nws nyob ntawm qhov sib cuam tshuam ntev thiab lub wavelength ntawm lub teeb. Los ntawm kev tswj qhov ntev ntawm thaj tsam fused, cov tuam txhab tsim qhov sib txuas sib txuas rau lub hom phiaj tus nqi xws li 50:50, 90:10, lossis 80:20.
Planar lightwave circuit (PLC) couplers siv lwm txoj hauv kev. Es tsis txhob fusing fibers, lawv xa lub teeb los ntawm waveguides etched mus rau ib tug silica nti siv semiconductor fabrication cov tswv yim. Qhov no tso cai rau cov chaw nres nkoj ntau dua (txog 1 × 64 lossis ntau dua) nrog kev sib cais sib cais thoob plaws txhua qhov kev tso tawm - ib yam uas nyuaj zuj zus nrog FBT kev tsim kho saum toj 1 × 4 teeb tsa.
Key Performance Parameters
Txhua qhov kev qhia tshwj xeeb ntawm kev sib txuas suav nrog ob peb tus lej tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev tsim network:
- Spliting ratio(tseem hu ua coupling ratio) txhais li cas lub hwj chim kho qhov muag muab faib ntawm cov zis. Ib qho piv txwv 50: 50 txhais tau hais tias txhua qhov tso zis tau txais ib nrab ntawm lub zog nkag. Qhov sib npaug tsis sib xws xws li 90: 10 lossis 70: 30 yog siv thaum ib qho chaw nres nkoj xav tau feem ntau ntawm cov teeb liab (qhov chaw nres nkoj hla) thaum lwm qhov tau txais txaus rau kev saib xyuas (qhov chaw nres nkoj kais).
- Insertion poobntsuas tag nrho lub zog txo los ntawm ib qho kev tawm tswv yim mus rau ib qho zis, qhia hauv dB. Nws suav nrog ob qho tib si txhob txwm sib cais poob thiab ib qho kev poob ntau dhau los ntawm kev tsim khoom tsis zoo. Raws li tau hais tseg hauvITU-T G.671, insertion poob yog qhov txo qis hauv lub zog kho qhov muag ntawm ib qho kev tawm tswv yim thiab qhov chaw nres nkoj ntawm cov khoom siv passive.
- Tshaj poobyog qhov sib txawv ntawm tag nrho cov input zog thiab cov sum ntawm tag nrho cov zis powers. Nws sawv cev rau lub zog nqus los yog tawg mus rau hauv lub coupler - lub zog uas ncav cuag tsis muaj qhov tso tawm. Kev poob qis dua txhais tau hais tias lub cuab yeej siv tau zoo dua.
- Kev taw qhia(tseem hu ua optical rov poob poob hauv qee qhov ntsiab lus) qhia tau hais tias qhov txuas txuas tau zoo npaum li cas cais nws cov chaw nres nkoj nkag los ntawm rov qab- nthuav tawm lub teeb. Siab - zoo fused couplers feem ntau ua tiav directivity zoo dua −55 dB.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Fiber Optic Coupler, Splitter, thiab Combiner?
Qhov no yog qhov feem ntau ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv kev yuav khoom thiab kev sib tham. Cov lus teb luv luv: lub splitter thiab ib qho kev sib txuas yog ob hom kev sib txuas. Lub sij hawm "fiber optic coupler" yog qhov dav; "splitter" thiab "combiner" piav qhia txog cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb hauv pawg ntawd.
A splittersiv ib qho kev tawm tswv yim thiab faib nws mus rau ntau qhov txiaj ntsig. Aua kepuas qhov thim rov qab - ntau inputs rau hauv ib qho zis. A2 × 2 txuas(qee zaus hu ua X coupler) tuaj yeem ua haujlwm raws li lub splitter lossis ib qho kev sib txuas nyob ntawm seb cov chaw nres nkoj twg siv, thiab hauv qee qhov kev teeb tsa nws ua ob qho tib si ib txhij.
Hauv FTTH thiab PON tes hauj lwm, koj yuav hnov ntau zaus lub sij hawm "splitter" vim tias lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog faib cov teeb liab qis los ntawm OLT rau ntau tus neeg siv khoom. Hauv kev sim thiab saib xyuas kev teeb tsa, "coupler" yog siv ntau zaus vim tias lub cuab yeej yuav tapping lub teeb liab es tsis faib nws tus kheej. Lub hauv paus physics yog tib yam - qhov hloov pauv yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm daim ntawv thov thiab qhov sib cais.
Rau kev sib piv sib sib zog nqus ntawm splitter technologies, saib peb phau ntawv qhiaFBT thiab PLC hom splitters.
Fiber Optic Coupler Hom
Couplers raug cais raws ntau qhov ntev. Kev nkag siab txog cov pawg no pab txo qis kev xaiv sai.
Los ntawm Structure thiab Port Configuration
Y coupler (1 × 2):Splits ib input sib npaug zos rau ob outputs. Qhov no yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws configuration, feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus fais fab faib los yog kho qhov muag kais dej. Lub npe Y yog los ntawm geometry ntawm txoj kev teeb liab.
T Coupler:Kuj tseem muaj 1 × 2 ntaus ntawv, tab sis nrog kev sib cais tsis sib xws - feem ntau 90:10, 80:20, lossis 70:30. Lub T coupler yog ib qho kev soj ntsuam kev teeb tsa uas ib qho tso zis (qhov chaw nres nkoj kais) pub lub zog ntsuas hluav taws xob lossis ntsuas ntsuas thaum lub chaw nres nkoj hla nqa cov teeb liab tseem ceeb nrog kev poob tsawg. Nyob rau hauv FTTx deployments nyob deb nroog,tsis sib npaug sib caistseem tuaj yeem pab them nyiaj rau qhov sib txawv ntawm lub cev sib txawv ntawm cov neeg siv khoom.
X Coupler (2 × 2):Nws muaj ob inputs thiab ob outputs. Nws tuaj yeem faib, sib txuas, lossis ua ob qho tib si nyob ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj. Qhov no yog ib qho yooj yim tshaj plaws -theem coupler thiab yog dav siv nyob rau hauv fiber ntau -optic interferometers, kev sib txuas bidirectional, thiab daim ntawv thov kev soj ntsuam cov teeb liab.
Lub hnub qub coupler:Faib fais fab los ntawm ntau qhov kev nkag mus rau ntau qhov tso zis (piv txwv li, 4 × 4, 8 × 8, lossis 8 × 16). Lub hnub qub couplers yog keeb kwm tseem ceeb hauv keeb kwm LAN architectures thiab tseem cuam tshuam hauv qee qhov kev sim thiab tshaj tawm cov xwm txheej.
Ntoo Coupler:Siv ib qho kev tawm tswv yim thiab ceg nws mus rau ntau qhov kev tso tawm (piv txwv li, 1 × 4, 1 × 8, 1 × 16, lossis siab dua). Nyob rau hauv rov qab, nws combines ntau inputs rau hauv ib tug. Tsob ntoo couplers yog lub hauv paus ntawm cascadedpassive optical faib hauv FTTxtes hauj lwm, qhov twg thawj -stage splitter txuas mus rau OLT thiab cov theem tom ntej pab faib cov ntsiab lus ze rau cov neeg siv khoom.
Los ntawm Kev Tsim Kho Tshuab: FBT vs. PLC
Qhov kev xaiv ntawm fused biconical taper (FBT) thiab planar lightwave circuit (PLC) thev naus laus zis yog ib qho kev txiav txim siab tshaj plaws hauv kev muab khoom sib txuas. Qhov sib txawv tsis yog kev kawm nkaus xwb - lawv cuam tshuam rau tus nqi, kev ntseeg siab, cov chaw nres nkoj suav, wavelength yooj, thiab kev kam rau ib puag ncig.
| Parameter | FBT Coupler | PLC Splitter |
|---|---|---|
| Txoj kev tsim khoom | Fusing thiab tapering optical fibers | Waveguides etched ntawm silica nti |
| Hom chaw nres nkoj suav | 1 × 2 rau 1 × 4 haiv neeg; siab dua ntawm cascading | 1 × 2 txog 1 × 64 (los yog 2 × 64) ntawm ib nti |
| Txhawb wavelengths | 850nm, 1310nm, 1550nm (qhov rais nqaim) | 1260-1650 nm (tag nrho kev khiav hauj lwm band) |
| Sib cais uniformity | Zoo ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj tsawg; degrades saum 1 × 8 | High uniformity nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov ports |
| Custom split ratios | Yooj yim heev (90:10, 80:20, 70:30, thiab lwm yam) | Feem ntau sib npaug- piv txwv nkaus xwb (tus qauv qauv) |
| Ua haujlwm kub | −5℃rau +75 degree | -40℃rau +85 degree |
| Kev poob qis ntawm kev sib cais siab | Nce saum toj 1 × 8 (cascaded tsim) | Tsawg, txawm nyob rau hauv siab split ratios |
| txheeb ze tus nqi | Txo ntawm 1 × 2 thiab 1 × 4 | qis ntawm 1 × 8 thiab siab dua; siab dua ntawm qis splits |
Hauv kev xyaum, FBT couplers yog nyiam rau qis -sib cais- suav daim ntawv thov, saib xyuas cov kais dej, thiab cov xwm txheej uas xav tau kev cai tsis sib xws - xws li coj 1–3% ntawm lub zog mus rau qhov chaw sim. PLC splitters dominates nyob rau hauv siab -sib cais FTTH thiab PON deployments qhov twg cov khoom tsis sib xws, dav wavelength compatibility, thiab ib puag ncig stability tseem ceeb tshaj. Yog xav paub ntxiv txog PLC configurations, saib pebqhia rau PLC splitter hom.
Los ntawm Bandwidth thiab Fiber Hom
Ib leeg -window couplersua haujlwm ntawm ib lub wavelength tshwj xeeb (piv txwv li, 1310 nm lossis 1550 nm).Dual -wavelength couplerstxhawb nqa ob lub wavelength bands thiab muaj nyob rau hauv PON tes hauj lwm uas nqa cov kev pab sib txawv ntawm 1310 nm thiab 1490/1550 nm ib txhij.Wideband txuasnpog qhov dav wavelength ntau yam thiab muab qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws rau kev hloov kho wavelength yav tom ntej.
Nyob rau sab ntawm fiber ntau,ib hom thiab multimode fiber ntauyuav tsum tau sib txawv coupler designs. Ib hom kev sib txuas ib leeg yog tsim rau 9/125 μm fiber ntau siv nyob rau hauv qhov ntev - nrug thiab siab - bandwidth txuas. Lub multimode coupler sib tw 50/125 μm lossis 62.5/125 μm fiber ntau hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv luv luv thiab cov chaw sib txuas. Kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm fiber ntau ntawm lub network thiab lub coupler yog ib qho kev ua yuam kev ntau zaus uas ua rau poob ntau dhau thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis txaus ntseeg. Yog xav paub ntxiv txog kev faib tawm multimode, saib pebmultimode fiber ntau phau ntawv qhia.
Passive vs. Active Couplers
Passive couplers yuav tsum tsis muaj hluav taws xob fais fab - lawv rov faib lub teeb tag nrho los ntawm kev kho qhov muag. Qhov no yog hom dominant hauv deployed networks. Active couplers, los ntawm qhov sib txawv, hloov kho qhov muag teeb liab rau hluav taws xob, ua lawv, thiab hloov rov qab. Lawv tuaj yeem ua kom nrov lossis rov tsim cov teeb liab, tab sis lawv nyuaj dua, kim dua, thiab qhia txog kev ua tsis tau zoo sib txawv. Tshwj tsis yog tias koj tshwj xeeb xav tau kev tsim kho teeb liab lossis hluav taws xob- theem tswj, passive couplers yog tus qauv xaiv.
Thaum twg Koj Yuav Tsum Siv 1 × 2 vs . 2 × 2 Fiber Optic Coupler?
Ib qho 1 × 2 coupler muaj ib qho kev tawm tswv yim thiab ob qhov tawm. Nws yog qhov kev xaiv zoo thaum koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau faib ib lub teeb liab rau hauv ob txoj hauv kev - piv txwv li, pub ob lub ntsiab lus qis qis los ntawm ib lub cev fiber ntau, lossis tapping ib feem pua ntawm lub teeb liab lub zog rau kev saib xyuas thaum txoj kev tseem ceeb tseem tsis cuam tshuam.
Ib tug 2 × 2 coupler muaj ob lub inputs thiab ob outputs. Nws qhov zoo dua yog bidirectional yooj. Hauv Michelson lossis Mach-Zehnder interferometer, ob qhov chaw nkag nkag tau ua haujlwm. Hauv kev saib xyuas lub network, 2 × 2 coupler tso cai rau koj los ntxig tus kais hauv ob qho tib si ntawm kev sib txuas duplex ib txhij. Nws kuj yog tus qauv tsev thaiv rau kev tsim kho siab dua - xaj FBT splitters los ntawm cascading - piv txwv li, peb 2 × 2 couplers ua ke sab hauv los tsim 1 × 4 tso zis.
Yog tias koj daim ntawv thov tsuas yog xav tau ib qho - kev taw qhia kev sib cais, 1 × 2 yog qhov yooj yim dua thiab feem ntau muaj qhov poob qis dua me ntsis. Yog tias koj xav tau kev muaj peev xwm bidirectional lossis npaj siv ob qhov chaw nkag, xaiv 2 × 2.
Common Applications ntawm Fiber Optic Couplers
PON thiab FTTx Networks
Nyob rau hauv passive optical network architectures (GPON, XGS-PON, thiab lawv cov variants), couplers - tshwj xeeb ntoo- homPLC splitters- yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev xa tawm OLT cov teeb liab qis rau ntau ONTs. Ib tug raug ob -theem cascaded deployment tej zaum yuav siv ib tug 1 × 4 splitter ntawm lub hauv paus chaw ua hauj lwm thiab 1 × 8 splitters ntawm faib cov ntsiab lus, ua tau zoo 1 × 32 faib nyob rau hauv lub network. Cov peev nyiaj siv hluav taws xob kho qhov muag tau teev tseg hauv cov qauv xws li ITU-T G.984.2 (rau GPON) ncaj qha txwv tsis pub muaj pes tsawg theem sib cais thiab tag nrho qhov sib cais ntawm lub network tuaj yeem txhawb nqa.
Kev soj ntsuam thiab kuaj lub teeb liab
Ib qho ntawm cov kev siv sib txuas siv tau zoo tshaj plaws yog tsis yog -tapping teeb liab. A 90: 10 lossis 95: 5 FBT txuas txuas rau hauv qhov txuas fiber ntau hloov pauv qhov feem pua ntawm lub zog mus rau qhov chaw saib xyuas - txaus rau lub ntsuas hluav taws xob kho qhov muag lossis tus qauv ntsuas ntsuas los nyeem, tsis muaj txiaj ntsig cuam tshuam rau txoj kev teeb liab tseem ceeb. Cov txheej txheem no yog cov qauv kev coj ua hauv cov chaw ua haujlwm hauv nruab nrab, cov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv, thiab kev sim hauv cheeb tsam. Nws zam qhov yuav tsum tau tawg lossis txiav qhov txuas rau kev ntsuas.
LAN thiab Campus Networks
Hauv tsev kawm ntawv cov pob txha hauv tsev kawm ntawv thiab cov tsev sib txuas hauv tsev, cov khoom sib txuas txhawb nqa cov teeb liab faib hauv lub hnub qub lossis cov npav npav. Lub hnub qub couplers pab tshaj tawm xov xwm -style architectures qhov twg txhua qhov xav tau txais tib lub teeb liab. T couplers nrog kev sib cais tsis sib npaug ua rau lub tsheb npav topologies qhov twg txhua qhov ntawm kais tawm ib feem ntawm lub pob txha caj qaum. Rau kev taw qhia tswv yim ntawm tsev kawm ntawv fiber ntau xaiv, saib pebtsev kawm ntawv connector xaiv phau ntawv qhia.
WDM thiab Passive Optical Subsystems
Couplers kuj tshwm sim nyob rau hauv wavelength -division multiplexing systems, qhov twg wavelength-selective fused couplers tuaj yeem ua haujlwm raws li cov khoom siv mux/demux rau kev sib cais lossis sib txuas cov teeb liab ntawm qhov sib txawv wavelengths (piv txwv li, 1310 nm thiab 1550 nm ntawm tib lub fiber ntau). Nyob rau hauv ntau WDM architectures, nplooj siab arrayed waveguide gratings los yog nyias -film films hloov cov couplers yooj yim, tab sis rau qis -channel- suav daim ntawv thov, lub wavelength - nyob ntawm fused coupler tseem yog tus nqi - kev xaiv zoo.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Xaiv Txoj Cai Fiber Optic Coupler: Ib Kauj Ruam -los ntawm - Kauj Ruam
Xaiv lub coupler tsis nyuaj yog tias koj ua haujlwm raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Ntawm no yog ib qho kev xyaum ua ntu zus uas suav nrog cov kev txiav txim siab uas lawv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.
Kauj Ruam 1: Txhais qhov Function
Puas yog koj faib ib lub teeb liab rau ntau? Ua ke ntau lub teeb liab rau hauv ib qho? Tapping ib feem me me rau kev saib xyuas? Lossis koj puas xav tau kev sib faib ob txoj kev sib cais-thiab- sib xyaw ua ke? Cov lus teb txiav txim siab seb koj xav tau 1 × N splitter, N × 1 combiner, 2 × 2 coupler, los yog tus kais txuas nrog qhov sib npaug.
Kauj ruam 2: Paub meej tias hom Fiber
Xyuas seb cov fiber ntau twb tau teeb tsa lawm. Yog hais tias lub network siv ib hom fiber ntau, lub coupler yuav tsum yog ib hom. Yog tias nws siv multimode (OM1 txog OM5), sib phim raws li. Qhov no tsis yog -negotiable. Ib hom kev sib txuas ib leeg ntawm qhov txuas multimode - lossis rov ua dua - yuav ua rau poob ntau dhau thiab ua haujlwm tsis tau. Hauv kev xa tawm, qhov kev tsis sib haum xeeb no yog ib qho ntawm qhov ua rau "tsis paub meej" txuas txuas uas nyuaj rau kev kuaj mob yam tsis muaj kev tshuaj xyuas lub cev.
Kauj Ruam 3: Teem lub Chaw Nres Nkoj thiab Sib faib piv
Txiav txim seb muaj pes tsawg qhov chaw tso zis koj xav tau: 1 × 2, 1 × 4, 1 × 8, 1 × 16, 1 × 32, lossis siab dua. Tom qab ntawd txiav txim siab seb lub hwj chim faib yuav tsum sib npaug lossis tsis sib npaug. Rau cov neeg siv khoom faib hauv FTTx, sib npaug sib faib yog tus qauv. Rau kev saib xyuas cov kais dej, feem ntau koj xav tau qhov sib npaug hnyav (90:10 lossis siab dua) kom txo qhov cuam tshuam rau lub teeb liab tseem ceeb. Rau qhov tshwj xeeb1×2, 1 × 8, los yog 1 × 32 configurations, txheem PLC splitter khoom yog dav muaj.
Kauj ruam 4: Paub meej lub qhov rais Wavelength
Yog tias koj lub network siv tsuas yog 1310 nm, ib zaug xwb -qhov rais txuas yog txaus. Yog tias nws nqa ob qho tib si 1310 nm thiab 1550 nm (raws li feem ntau PON tshuab ua rau lub suab / cov ntaub ntawv thiab yees duab), koj xav tau yam tsawg kawg yog ib qho khoom siv dual -wavelength. Yog hais tias yav tom ntej wavelength ntxiv yuav zoo li, xaiv ib tug wideband coupler los yog PLC splitter uas npog tag nrho 1260-1650 nm ntau yam.
Kauj Ruam 5: Tshawb xyuas cov nyiaj siv hluav taws xob kho qhov muag
Txhua lub coupler ntxiv qhov poob rau qhov txuas. Ua ntej xaj, xam seb koj cov peev nyiaj kho qhov muag puas tuaj yeem nqus tau nws. Ntxiv cov coupler qhov nkag poob rau tag nrho lwm cov kev poob hauv txoj kev -thaj qaum poob, connector poob, splice poob, thiab fiber attenuation - thiab muab piv rau tag nrho cov transmitter - mus rau -receiver zog margin. Yog hais tias cov npoo yog nruj, xav txog qhov qis dua -split- piv txwv los yog tsawg dua cascaded theem.
Kauj ruam 6: Xaiv lub pob thiab Connector hom
Couplers tuaj nyob rau hauv liab qab fiber ntau, mini-tube, ABS lub thawv, LGX cassette, thiab khib- pob khoom. Qhov kev xaiv zoo yog nyob ntawm qhov chaw teeb tsa: sab hauv tsev khib, sab nraum zoov cov ntaub ntawv, cov tais sib txuas, lossis lub thawv davhlau ya nyob twg. Connector hom (SC / APC, SC / UPC, LC / UPC, los yog liab qab fiber ntau rau fusion splicing) yuav tsum phim cov infrastructure uas twb muaj lawm kom tsis txhob tsim adapters los yog hybrid thaj qaum.
Kev xaiv yuam kev ntau thiab yuav zam lawv li cas
Hauv kev tsim khoom thiab tsim network, qee qhov yuam kev tuaj yeem tshwm sim:
Xaiv los ntawm cov khoom npe es tsis txhob ua haujlwm.
Ib yam khoom uas sau tias "coupler" thiab ib daim ntawv lo "splitter" yuav yog cov khoom siv zoo ib yam nrog cov ntim sib txawv lossis cov ntawv lag luam. Ib txwm qhia los ntawm kev ua haujlwm (sib faib piv, suav chaw nres nkoj, hom fiber ntau) tsis yog los ntawm lub npe lag luam.
Tsis quav ntsej txog qhov poob hauv kev suav nyiaj txiag.
Ib qho 1 × 32 PLC splitter ntxiv kwv yees li 17-18 dB ntawm kev nkag mus rau qhov txuas. Yog tias qhov nyiaj siv kho qhov muag tsuas yog 28 dB (raws li hauv Chav B + GPON), muaj cov npoo me me sab laug rau fiber ntau, connectors, thiab splices. Kev ua tsis tiav rau kev poob ntawm kev sib txuas yog ib qho ua rau muaj kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom sib txuas uas ua haujlwm thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa tab sis ua tsis tiav tom qab kev hloov pauv ib puag ncig lossis cov khoom qub.
Sib tov ib hom thiab multimode Cheebtsam.
Qhov no tshwm sim ntau dua li qhov xav tau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv cov tes hauj lwm uas ob hom fiber ntau tuaj yeem nyob hauv tib lub tsev. Lub coupler yuav tsum sib phim hom fiber ntau kawg -rau- kawg.
Piv txwv tias tag nrho cov siab -port- suav splitters sib npaug.
FBT-raws li 1 × 16 (tsim los ntawm cascading xya 1 × 2 theem) muaj qhov sib txawv, qhov kub thiab txias, thiab cov yam ntxwv tsis ua haujlwm dua li PLC-raws li 1 × 16 ntawm ib nti. Rau siab -split applications, PLC feem ntau txhim khu kev qha thiab ntau compact.
Overlooking wavelength xav tau.
Ib qho FBT coupler optimized rau 1310 nm yuav muaj qhov poob ntau dua ntawm 1550 nm. Yog hais tias lub network nqa ntau lub wavelengths, xyuas kom meej tias lub coupler ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv spec hla tag nrho cov ntawm lawv.
Cov lus nug nquag nug txog Fiber Optic Couplers
Puas yog fiber ntau optic coupler passive lossis nquag?
Feem ntau ntawm cov khoom siv sib txuas ua ke yog passive - lawv sib cais lossis sib txuas lub teeb yam tsis tas yuav tsum muaj hluav taws xob. Active couplers muaj tab sis yog siv nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb daim ntawv thov qhov twg kho qhov muag - mus rau - hluav taws xob - mus rau - kho qhov muag hloov dua siab tshiab los yog teeb liab amplification yog xav tau.
Dab tsi yog qhov sib txawv ntawm lub coupler thiab PLC splitter?
PLC splitter yog ib hom kev sib txuas ua ke uas siv cov tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hauv hluav taws xob. Lo lus "coupler" yog qeb dav dua. Hauv kev siv txhua hnub, "splitter" feem ntau yog hais txog lub cuab yeej uas nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb yog faib ib qho kev tawm tswv yim ntawm ntau cov khoom tawm, thaum "coupler" kuj tseem tuaj yeem suav nrog kev sib txuas thiab kev ua haujlwm bidirectional. Yog xav paub ntxiv sib piv, saib pebcouplers thiab splitters txheej txheem cej luam.
Puas yog ib qho kev sib txuas ob leeg sib cais thiab sib txuas cov teeb liab?
Yog lawm. A 2 × 2 (X) coupler tuaj yeem ua haujlwm raws li kev sib cais thaum siv ib qho chaw nres nkoj input thiab ob qhov chaw tso zis tau txais cov teeb liab, los yog ua ib qho kev sib txuas thaum ob lub chaw nres nkoj tawm tswv yim nqa cov teeb liab uas sib koom ua ke ntawm ib qho zis. Qhov kev muaj peev xwm bidirectional no ua rau 2 × 2 couplers nrov hauv interferometric sensing thiab duplex xyuas daim ntawv thov.
Kuv yuav xaiv li cas ntawm ib hom thiab multimode couplers?
Txuas lub coupler rau cov fiber ntau uas twb tau teeb tsa hauv koj lub network. Tib hom couplers yog tsim los rau 9/125 μm fiber ntau siv nyob rau hauv ntev - ncav cuag thiab siab - bandwidth systems. Multimode couplers yog tsim los rau 50/125 μm los yog 62.5/125 μm fiber ntau siv nyob rau hauv luv luv -nyob deb tsev kawm ntawv, lub tsev, thiab cov ntaub ntawv center links. Kev siv hom tsis ncaj ncees lawm yuav ua rau qhov tsis txaus ntseeg thiab teeb liab degradation.
Dab tsi yog qhov sib cais muaj nyob rau FBT txuas?
FBT thev naus laus zis muaj qhov hloov pauv tau yooj yim hauv kev sib faib piv kev hloov kho. Feem ntau suav nrog 50: 50, 90: 10, 80: 20, 70: 30, thiab 60: 40, tab sis cov tuam ntxhab tuaj yeem tsim lwm qhov sib piv ntawm kev thov. Qhov no ua rau FBT couplers tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev saib xyuas cov kais dej uas koj xav tau hloov pauv tsuas yog 1-10% ntawm lub zog teeb liab thaum khaws cia rau qhov txuas tseem ceeb.
Vim li cas kuv qhov kev sib txuas qhov sib txuas tsis sib haum rau qhov kev sib cais qhov kev poob?
Theoretical splitting poob rau 1 × 2 sib npaug sib faib yog 3.0 dB (ib nrab lub zog rau txhua qhov tso zis). Hauv kev xyaum, txhua qhov sib txuas kuj qhia txog kev poob ntau dhau - ntxiv kev txo qis los ntawm kev tsim khoom tsis zoo, tawg, thiab nqus hauv cheeb tsam coupling. Tag nrho qhov kev poob qis yog ib txwm siab dua qhov tsawg kawg nkaus theoretical. Lub qhov dej- ua FBT 1 × 2 coupler feem ntau muaj 3.2–3.5 dB ntxig poob rau ib qhov zis; PLC 1 × 2 feem ntau yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 3.5-3.8 dB.
Muaj pes tsawg theem kuv tuaj yeem cascade ua ntej lub teeb liab tsis muaj zog heev?
Qhov no nyob ntawm tag nrho cov nyiaj siv hluav taws xob kho qhov muag ntawm qhov system. Txhua theem ntxiv nws tus kheej nkag poob. Rau GPON (Class B +, 28 dB pob nyiaj siv), qhov siab tshaj plaws yog 1 × 32 tag nrho faib thoob ib lossis ob theem, tawm hauv cov npoo txaus rau fiber ntau attenuation thiab connector poob. Rau XGS-PON lossis siab dua- cov txheej txheem nyiaj txiag, kev teeb tsa loj dua tuaj yeem ua tau. Ib txwm suav cov peev nyiaj txuas tag nrho ua ntej cog lus rau kev sib cais.
Xaus
Lub fiber optic coupler yog cov khoom siv uas tswj xyuas seb lub hwj chim kho qhov muag sib koom ua ke thoob plaws lub network txoj hauv kev. Txawm hais tias koj tab tom faib PON teeb liab rau 32 tus neeg siv khoom, tapping 5% ntawm qhov txuas txuas rau kev saib xyuas, lossis sib txuas cov teeb liab los ntawm ob qhov chaw rau hauv ib qho kev tso tawm, txoj cai txuas ua haujlwm hauv nws cov peev nyiaj kho qhov muag.
Cov txheej txheem kev xaiv yog ncaj nraim thaum mus txog qhov systematically: pib nrog kev ua haujlwm, paub meej tias hom fiber ntau, teeb tsa qhov chaw nres nkoj suav thiab cais qhov sib piv, txheeb xyuas lub qhov rai wavelength, xyuas cov peev nyiaj siv hluav taws xob, thiab xaiv lub cev pob. Feem ntau qhov yuam kev ntawm kev yuav khoom - cov hom fiber ntau tsis sib xws, tsis pom kev tsis pom kev, lossis xaiv los ntawm cov khoom lag luam es tsis txhob siv cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb - yog zam tsis tau nrog daim ntawv teev npe yooj yim no.
Rau kev xaiv khoom tshwj xeeb, tshawb xyuas pebPLC splitter khoom kablos yogFBT coupler xaiv, los yogtiv tauj peb pab pawg engineeringrau kev taw qhia ntawm kev cai cais piv thiab ntim configurations.
